2 2008-03-05
配置系统

编辑/etc/fstab,用实际的分区名代替BOOTROOTSWAP。记得确认一下文件系统是否与所安装的相匹配。

livecd linux # cd /etc
livecd etc # nano -w fstab
/dev/sda1   /boot     ext2    noauto,noatime     1 2
/dev/sda3   /         ext3    noatime            0 1
/dev/sda2   none      swap    sw                 0 0

编辑/etc/fstab,用实际的分区名代替BOOTROOTSWAP,并添加逻辑卷。记得确认一下文件系统是否与所安装的相匹配。

livecd linux # cd /etc
livecd etc # nano -w fstab
/dev/md1          /boot                   ext2  noauto,noatime  1 2
/dev/md3          /                       ext3  noatime         0 1
/dev/sda2         none                    swap  sw,pri=1        0 0
/dev/sdb2         none                    swap  sw,pri=1        0 0
/dev/vg/usr       /usr                    ext3  noatime         1 2
/dev/vg/portage   /usr/portage            ext2  noatime         1 2
/dev/vg/distfiles /usr/portage/distfiles  ext2  noatime         1 2
/dev/vg/home      /home                   ext3  noatime         1 2
/dev/vg/opt       /opt                    ext3  noatime         1 2
/dev/vg/tmp       /tmp                    ext2  noatime         1 2
/dev/vg/var       /var                    ext3  noatime         1 2
/dev/vg/vartmp    /var/tmp                ext2  noatime         1 2

/etc/conf.d/net中配置网络。把net.eth0启动脚本添加到默认运行级别。如果有多张网卡,分别为它们建立符号链接到net.eth0启动脚本,并一起添加到默认运行级别。用nano编辑/etc/conf.d/net,或者使用如下命令:

livecd etc # cd conf.d
livecd conf.d # echo 'config_eth0=( "192.168.1.10/24" )' >> net
livecd conf.d # echo 'routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.1.1" )' >> net
livecd conf.d # rc-update add net.eth0 default
(如果你把网卡驱动编译为模块,
需要将它添加到/etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6)
livecd conf.d # echo r8169 >> /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6
(如果希望重启后通过ssh重新连接到新机器)
livecd conf.d # rc-update add sshd default
如果需要支持PCMCIA卡,请emerge pcmciautils

执行passwd设置root密码。

livecd conf.d # passwd
New UNIX password: 输入密码
Retype new UNIX password: 再输入密码
passwd: password updated successfully

编辑/etc/conf.d/clock以定义前面所使用的时区。

livecd conf.d # nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock
TIMEZONE="Asia/Shanghai"

检查系统配置,查看并编辑这些配置文件:/etc/rc.conf/etc/conf.d/rc/etc/conf.d/keymaps

livecd conf.d # nano -w /etc/rc.conf
livecd conf.d # nano -w /etc/conf.d/rc
livecd conf.d # nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps

安装系统工具

安装RAID和LVM2实用工具。

livecd conf.d # emerge mdadm lvm2

安装一个系统日志如syslog-ng和一个cron守护进程如vixie-cron,并把它们添加到默认运行级别。

Cron守护进程依赖于MTA。mail-mta/ssmtp会因依赖性而被一起安装。如果你想使用一种更高级的MTA,可以现在安装它。要是现在没空,暂时先安装ssmtp,以后再卸载并安装你要的MTA。
livecd conf.d # time emerge syslog-ng vixie-cron

real  1m54.099s
user  1m2.630s
sys   0m34.620s
livecd conf.d # rc-update add syslog-ng default
livecd conf.d # rc-update add vixie-cron default

安装必要的文件系统工具(xfsprogsreiserfsprogsjfsutils)和网络工具(dhcpcdppp)。

livecd conf.d # emerge xfsprogs       (如果使用XFS文件系统)
livecd conf.d # emerge jfsutils       (如果使用JFS文件系统)
livecd conf.d # emerge reiserfsprogs  (如果使用Reiser文件系统)
livecd conf.d # emerge dhcpcd         (如果使用DHCP客户端)
livecd conf.d # emerge ppp            (如果使用PPPoE ADSL连接)
配置引导程序

安装并配置grub

livecd conf.d # time emerge grub

real  1m4.634s
user  0m39.460s
sys   0m15.280s
livecd conf.d # nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf
default 0
timeout 10

title Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel root=
livecd conf.d # grub
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.

grub> root (hd0,0)
 Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd

grub> setup (hd0)
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
 Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
 Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"...  16 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
 Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p (hd0,0)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/
grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
Done.

grub> quit
livecd conf.d # grub
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.

grub> root (hd0,0)
 Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd

grub> setup (hd0)
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
 Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
 Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"...  16 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
 Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p (hd0,0)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/
grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
Done.

grub> root (hd1,0)
 Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd

grub> setup (hd1)

grub> quit